首先，需要注意的是，本文所提到的“缩略语”是一些具有节奏感的中国特色用语，包括原则、纲领、方针、措施等，如“离土不离乡”“谁污染，谁治理”等；还有一些带有数字形式的“缩略语”，如“三个代表”“五保”等。

 

针对第一种“缩略语”（原则、方针等）的翻译，既能翻译出意思，又能保留原文的节奏感，是最优解。但对于节奏感的保留，不是一般译者能达到的水平。笔者建议翻译出意思放在首位，是否保留节奏根据自身水平妥善处理。

 

如：

对在西部地区新办交通、电力、水利、邮政、广播电视等企业，企业所得税实行两年免征，三年减半征收。

For enterprises operating in industries such as transportation, power, water conservancy, postal services, and radio and television, there will be complete exemption from income tax for the first 2 years and 50 % exemption over the following 3 years.

 

合理制定“西气东输”“西电东送”价格。

Reasonable prices should be set for gas and electricity transmitted from the western region to the east .

 

国家倡导一种整体利益高于一切的伦理主张,要求人们“狠斗私字一闪念”,在行为和思想上自觉与国家(党中央)保持一致。

The state advocated supremacy of collective interests, requiring people to “resist every selfish thought” and to consciously keep behavior and thinking in line with the state (the Party Central Committee)

 

针对第二种“缩略语”（数字型）的翻译，建议采用直译（加解释）的方式进行翻译，类似英文中的字母缩写，第一次出现时采用直译（加解释），后面再出现，只写直译无需加解释。

 

如：

 

三个代表three-represents( Our Party must always represent the development trend of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of China's advanced culture and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.)

 

三讲教育 three emphases education ( to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)

 

三座大山three big mountains ( of imperialism，feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism.)

 

五保The“five-guarantee-household system”( food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses for the childless and infirm elderly and for the weak, sick and disabled who have lost their ability lo work)

 

三禁“triple ban"( ban on the production, trafficking and use of drugs)

 

双控区“double control”( controls of SO₂ and acid rain) areas

 

二保一“two ensure one"(a woman sacrifices her career to ensure her husband's successor the other way round)

 

四自“four-selfs”( woman's self-cultivation in self-esteem ,self-confidence , self-reliance and self-improvement )。

 

有时，第二种缩略语的译法也适用于第一种缩略语。如上文提到的“西气东输”“西电东送”根据第二种译法，可译为：the “West-to-East” Gas Piping Project (the project to pipe transfer gas from the west to the east); the “West-to-East” Power Transmission Project (the project to transmit power from the west to the east)。

 

参考

《非文学翻译理论与实践》李长栓