Proceedings at General Meetings股东大会程序条款是公司章程（Article of Association）中的一项重要条款，对股东大会的审议事项、出席股东大会的法定人数、股东参加股东大会的方式、股东大会主席、股东表决及未召开股东大会形成的决议等具体内容进行了规定。此条款一般比较全面。　　

开始了解此条款的具体内容之前，先来看一看股东大会中最常见的两个词。

Members/Shareholders　　

1. No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum of Members is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business.

2. No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum of Shareholders is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business.

比较一下这两句话，大家有没有发现什么不同？这两句话分别出自两份不同的公司章程，其中只有一处不同，那就是“Members”和“Shareholders”。那么，这两个词到底有没有区别呢？

其实，区别还是有的，只是一般情况下比较小而已。“Members”指名字已被登记在“Register of Members”中 的人，而“Shareholders”指购买公司股份、拥有公司股本的人，他们只有当名字已被登记在“Register of Members”中时，才是“Members”。

（1）一个人可以同时是公司的“Member”和“Shareholder”：

例如：X先生持有30股A公司股份，其名字已登记在“Register of Members”, 且未向任何人出售其股份。

（2）一个人可以是“Member”但不是“Shareholder”：

例如：X先生持有30股A公司股份，他已于2012年8月11日将自己的股份出售给Y先生，但当天名字仍登记在“Register of Members”中。

（3）一个人可以不是“Member”但是“Shareholder”:

例如：Y先生于2012年8月11日从X先生处购得30股A公司股份，且他已将股份转让文件交至公司以进行“Register Members”的登记。

所以，最准确的做法是可以把“Member”译为“成员”，“Shareholder”译为“股东”。但因在普遍实践中，中国文件中使用“成员”的情况较少，且中文一般在这个方面并未多加以区分，所以一般情况下，当“Members”出现在公司章程里时，也可以译为“股东”。

当然也还有一些公司（如：Companies limited by guarantee 担保有限公司）并没有股本，这种情况下，自然他们的“Members”也就不是“Shareholders”。

以下进入正题——股东大会的程序。​

审议事项

3. All business carried out at a general meeting shall be deemed special with the exception of sanctioning a dividend, the consideration of the accounts, balance sheets, any report of the Directors or of the Company’s auditors, and the fixing of the remuneration of the Company's auditors. No special business shall be transacted at any general meeting without the consent of all Shareholders entitled to receive notice of that meeting unless notice of such special business has been given in the notice convening that meeting.

除批准股息、审议账目、资产负债表、董事会或公司审计师的任何报告以及确定公司审计师的薪酬外，股东大会上审议的所有议项均应视为特殊议项。未经有权接收股东大会通知的所有股东同意，不得在任何股东大会上审议任何特殊议项，除非在召开股东大会的通知中已包含该特殊议项的通知。

出席法定人数

4. No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum of Members is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business. At least one Member holding not less than an aggregate of one-third of all voting share capital of the Company in issue present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote shall be a quorum for all purposes.

任何股东大会在商议任何事项时，当时出席会议的股东必须达到法定人数，方可商议该事项。合计持有公司已发行的全部有表决权股本的至少三分之一的至少一名股东亲自或通过代理人参加会议并拥有表决权的，就所有目的构成法定人数。

5. No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum of Shareholders is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business. Save as otherwise provided by these Articles, one or more Shareholders holding at least a majority of the paid up voting share capital of the Company present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at that meeting shall form a quorum.

除非在会议审议议项时，出席会议的股东人数达到法定人数，否则，不得在任何股东大会上审议任何议项。除本章程细则另有规定外，一名或多名对公司持有至少过半数已缴足股款的有表决权股本、亲自或委托他人出席会议并有权在会议上表决的股东应构成法定人数。

6. If within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of Members, shall be dissolved. In any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week, at the same time and place, and if at the adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting, the meeting shall be dissolved.

在指定的会议召开时间后的半小时内未达到法定人数的，如果该会议是在股东请求下召开的，该会议应解散；属于任何其他情形的，会议延期至下周同一天的同一时间和地点或董事决定的其他时间或地点召开。如果在延期召开的会议上，在指定的会议召开时间后的半小时内依然未达到法定人数的，该会议应解散。

7. If within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of Shareholders, shall be dissolved. In any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week, at the same time and place, and if at the adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting the Shareholder or Shareholders present and entitled to vote shall form a quorum.

若在指定召开会议的时间之后半小时内，出席会议的人数未达到法定人数，经股东要求召开的会议应解散。在任何其他情况下，会议应延期至下一周的同一天，在同一时间和地点召开，且若在延期会议上，在指定召开会议的时间之后半小时内，出席会议的人数未达到法定人数，则出席会议并有权表决的股东应构成法定人数。

关于出席股东大会的法定人数，不同的公司各有不同的规定，但一般来说至少为拥有全部表决权股本的三分之一（例4），也有一些要求过半数表决权股本（例5）。关于延期召开会议依然未达到法定人数的情况，不同的公司处理方法也各异，有的直接解散会议（例6），有的则指定出席会议并有权表决的股东构成法定人数（例7）。

股东参与方式

8. If the Directors wish to make this facility available for a specific general meeting or all general meetings of the Company, participation in any general meeting of the Company may be by means of a telephone or similar communication equipment by way of which all Persons participating in such meeting can communicate with each other and such participation shall be deemed to constitute presence in person at the meeting.

董事会希望为公司的特定股东大会或所有股东大会提供该便利的，可通过电话或所有参会人员均可相互沟通的类似通信设备参加公司的任何股东大会，且按此方式参会应视为亲自出席会议。

9. If determined by the Board of Directors and specified in the notice of a general meeting, a person may participate at a general meeting by conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all the persons participating in the meeting can communicate with each other. Participation by a person in a general meeting in this manner is treated as presence in person at that meeting.

经董事会决定和在股东大会通知明确规定，与会者可通过电话会议或参加会议的所有人员都可以相互沟通的其他通信设备参加股东大会。以此种方式参加会议的人应被视为亲自参加会议。

股东大会主席

10. The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside as chairman at every general meeting of the Company, except as provided in Article 61 below. If at any meeting the Chairman of the Board of Directors is not present within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for holding the meeting or is unwilling to act as chairman, the Members present shall choose a chairman of the meeting.

董事会主席应担任公司每次股东大会的主席，但以下规定的情形除外。董事会主席在指定的会议召开时间后的十五分钟内未出席会议或不愿意担任会议主席的，出席会议的股东应推选一名会议主席。

11. The chairman, if any, of the Directors shall preside as chairman at every general meeting of the Company. If there is no such chairman, or if at any general meeting he is not present within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for holding the meeting or is unwilling to act as chairman, any Director or Person nominated by the Directors shall preside as chairman, failing which the Shareholders present in person or by proxy shall choose any Person present to be chairman of that meeting.

董事长（如有）应作为会议主席主持公司的每次股东大会。若无董事长，或者，若董事长未在指定召开会议的时间过后15分钟内出席或无意担任会议主席，董事会指定的任何董事或人员应作为会议主席进行主持，否则，亲自或委托代理人出席的股东应选择出席会议的任何人担任会议主席。

股东表决

股东表决一般有两种方式，举手表决和投票表决。票数相同时，有的公司允许主席投出第二票决定票，有的则不允许，视具体情况而定。

12. At any general meeting a resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall be decided on a show of hands, unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded by one or more Members present in person or by proxy entitled to vote and who together hold not less than 10 percent of the paid up voting share capital of the Company, and unless a poll is so demanded, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has, on a show of hands, been carried, or carried unanimously, or by a particular majority, or lost, and an entry to that effect in the book of the proceedings of the Company, shall be conclusive evidence of the fact, without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of, or against, that resolution.

If a poll is duly demanded it shall be taken in such manner as the chairman directs, and the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded. The demand for a poll may be withdrawn.

In the case of an equality of votes, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, the chairman of the meeting at which the show of hands takes place or at which the poll is demanded, shall not be entitled to a second or casting vote.

在任何股东大会上，提交会议表决的决议应通过举手表决方式决定，除非亲自或通过代理人参加会议、拥有表决权投票且合计持有公司有表决权的实收股本的至少百分之十的一名或多名股东（在宣布举手表决结果之前或之时）要求投票。除非要求投票，会议主席宣布某项决议已通过举手表决方式被通过或已一致通过经特定多数同意通过，或已被否决，并且相关记录被登记入公司会议记录的，即构成该事实的结论性证据，而无需提供有关该决议赞成或反对票的数量或比例的证明。

正式提出投票要求的，投票应按会议主席指示的方式进行，投票的结果应被视为要求进行投票的会议的决议。投票要求可以撤回。

任何会议进行举手表决或要求投票的，当票数相同时（不管是举手或投票表决），会议主席无权进行二次投票或者投决定票。

除此之外，也有一些未召开股东大会形成的决议，股东大会程序条款中一般对此也会作出相应的规定。

13. A resolution (including a Special Resolution) in writing (in one or more counterparts) signed by or on behalf of all of the Members for the time being entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at general meetings (or, being corporations or other non-natural persons, signed by their duly authorized representatives) shall be as valid and effective as if the resolution had been passed at a general meeting of the Company duly convened and held.

由当时有资格收到股东大会通知、出席股东大会和在股东大会上表决的所有股东（如果是法人股东或其他非自然人，由它们的合法授权代表）签字或该等股东的代表签字的任何书面决议（包括特别决议）（不管是由一份或多份副本组成）均属有效决议，一如该等决议是在经正式召集和召开的公司股东会议上通过的。

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